Roles docentes en la retención escolar de estudiantes de enseñanza media de la Región de Valparaíso: Lo pedagógico, lo emocional y lo colaborativo
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La evidencia ha sido clara en las consecuencias negativas de la deserción escolar y en la relevancia del rol que tienen los docentes para retener a sus estudiantes. Sin embargo, poco se ha estudiado en Chile, por lo que es necesario dirigir la atención hacia las comuni- dades educativas. Por este motivo, la presente investigación buscó caracterizar el papel de los profesores en la retención escolar. Se realizaron 47 entrevistas a docentes, directivos y profesionales de apoyo de 4 liceos de Valparaíso. Las entrevistas se analizaron mediante análisis cualitativo de contenido. Como hallazgos, se encontraron tres ejes que caracterizan la labor docente: Entrega de una formación integral ajustada a las realidades del estudiante (lo pedagógico); generación de un vínculo significativo con el alumno (lo emocional) y esta- blecimiento de alianzas con otros adultos que rodean al discente (lo colaborativo). Se proble- matizan estos resultados y se finaliza con implicancias para la gestión educativa.
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